Flap Design on dentistry
indication:- prosthetic crown present
- periapical surgery: anterior region and longer root
- wide band of attached gingiva
Advantage:
- ease in incision and reflection
- enhanced visibility and acces
- ease in repositioning
- maintain integrity of gingival attachment: prevent gingival recession, avoid dehiscences, and prevents crestal bone loss
- horizontal component disrupts blood supply
- vertical component crosses mucogingival junction and may enter muscle tissue
- difficult to alter it if size of lesion misjudge
Indication:- Periapical surgery: multiple teeth, large lesions and long or short roots
- literally roots repairs: full-length root visualized
- provides maximum access and visibility
- reduce retraction tension
- facilitates repositioning
- Reduce blood supply to flap
- increased incision and reflection time
- gingival attachment violated: gingival recession, crestal bone loss and may uncover dehiscence
- suturing is more difficult
Triangular Flap
Indication:- midroot preparation repair
- periapical surgery: posterior areas and short roots
- easily modified: small relaxing insicion, additional vertical insicion and extension of horizontal component
- easily repositioned
- maintains integrity of blood supply
- Limited acces and vicibility to long roots
- tension is created on retractin
- vertical insicion penetrates alveolar mucosa
- gingival attachment severed
Indication:- cervical resorptive defects
- cervical area perforations
- periodontal procedure
- no cervical insicion
- ease of repositioning
- limited access and visibility
- difficult to reflect and retract
- predisposed to stretching and tearing
- gingival attachment violated
